Ratchet-wrench.



PATBNTEDJAN. 31, 1905.

l No. 781,305.

1, w. RUGG. ,-RAT'GHBT WRENCH. l' APPIVIIOATIOljI FILED JULY 22,1904.

Hill

f UNITED STATES-l Patented January 31, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

IRVIIIG W. EUGG, OE BLISS, NEW Yonk..l i

RATGHET-WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 781,305, dated January$1, 1905.

' application filed .my 22, 1904. serai No. 217,669.

T all whom/ t may Vconcern.-

Be it known that I, IRVING W. RUGG, a citizen of the United States,residing at Bliss, in the county of Wyoming and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Ratchet-Wrenches, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to wrenches, and more' particularly to that class-known as .the

, ratchet type; and its object is to produce a device of this characterhaving compactness of construction combined with simplicity andefliciency of parts.

To this end the invention may be said to consist in the details oflconstruction and combination of parts hereinafter set forth in thespecification and illustrated in the drawings, wherein-l Figurel is aperspective view of the ratchetwrench. Fig. 2 is a side view showng theforward Aportion in central vertical longitudinal section.l Fig?) is a-Asection taken on line 3 3, Fig. 2. Fig. 4c is a vertical section taken'on line 4 4, Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a'central transverse Vertical sectionthrough the Ahead of the wrench. Fig. 6 is a vertical section taken online 6 6, Fig. 3. Fig. 7 is a fragmentary longitudinal section taken online 7 7 ,Fig 2. Fig.

8 is a fragmentary bottom plan view of theI same, showing thelocking-plate. Fig. 9 is a modified construction of the pawl. v

The letter A indicates the handle, having a bfurcated forward endforming a transverse chamber a, and B is the head, fixed to thebifurcated portion of the handle and comprising an `upright side wall b,having an annular inner surface, fand a bottom wall bf, extending inwardfrom the side wall and formed inte* gral with the entire lower edgethereof.

equal to the thickness of the bottom wall, so

that when the lower face of the wrench memcient diameter to overlapbottom wall of Vthe head. It is furnished with an aperture CZ',

that registers with aperture c in the wrench member. By the constructionjust described the wrench member is afforded a broad and firm bearingagainst the bottom wall of the head, whilel the wrench and head' areheld in close butv rotatableconnection, whereby the looseness ofconstructionoften found in tools yof this type is avoided. Upon thelower portion of'its lateral surface the wrench member is provided witha series of ratchet-teeth -E, which stand wholl-yrwithin the side wallof the head, thereby preventing said teeth from catching the hands orclothing of the operator. By means of teeth E the wrench member isadapted to be operatively connected with the handle through a pawlmember F, which is pivoted in transverse chamber@ at the forward end ofthe handle. This pawl member comprises two forwardly-projecting larms fand a body portion, f. having rearwardly-converging side walls f2. A Y

latch Gr, comprising ahead g, having forwardly-converging walls g and ashank g2, is

located in rear of the pawl member and is adapted to hold the-latterwith one or other of itsarmsf in engagement with teethE.

.For this purpose shank g2 is seated slidably within a longitudinalchamber g3 in rear of andv communicating -with transverse chamber a, anda coil-spring gi is placed around the shank outside of said chamber,operating to protrude the head, whereby, as shown in Fig. 7 one of thelateral faces of the pawl member -is held in engagement with thediagonally opposite face of the latch-head. A longitudinal slot g5 isformed inthe top wall of the transverse chamber a above and in front ofSsf l longitudinal chamber g3, and a pin g projects ing of the pawlmember and serving as an additional guide for the latch to preventpossible breakage or binding during the reciprocation of the latch. Asthe shank of the latch is subject to considerable strain at such times,it is obviously of advantage to provide guides both at front and rear.

In Fig. 9 is illustrated a modified form of pawl member, in which itsrear portion lis provided with a rearwardly-projecting pin g?, which isengaged by the front end of a spring g, that serves to hold the pawlmember on one side or other of its center.

In the Lipper portion of the wrench member is formed a transverseguideway H- of inverted-T shape in cross-section, which intersects theupper end of upright aperture c. Adjacent to this guideway andcommunicating with it through its widened lower portion only, as at 2,are two open-topped chambers I, which are connected with each other by areduced intermediate groove /Z and with the lateral face of the wrenchmember reduced grooves i.

The letter K indicates two jaws having their lower portions formed in Tshape to slide within the guideway. The portions of jaws K adjacent theopenings 2 in chambers I are'formed with worm-teeth la, that engage witha worm-gear L, located in the chambers and grooves. The gear L comprisestwo portions Z, having opposite threads, an intermediate smooth reducedportion Z, lying in intermediate groove z', and smooth reduced portionsZ2, that lie within end grooves z" and project beyond the lateralsurface of the wrench member. End portions Z2 are journaled in removablebearings Z3, that are secured to the lateral surface of the wrenchmember at the ends of end grooves Z. Bearings Z3 are secured to thewrench member by screws Zi, thereby making the bearings and worm-gearreadily removable. By the foregoing construction the worm-gear isreliably held against longitudinal movement, thereby preventingdisturbance .of the adjustment of the jaw/s, while owing to theaccessible mounting of the gear this part, which is usually the portionof the tool to become worn, may be easily replaced. One end of theworm-gear is provided With the usual milled head Z5.

What is claimed as new is-- l. ln a device of the character described,the combination with the handle, a head fixed at the forward endthereof, a wrench member mounted in said head and having a transverseguideway formed therein and a chamber parallel to and communicating withsaid guideway, and Ineans for rotating the wrench member; ofoppositely-disposed jaws operating in said guideway and havingworm-teeth formed on their sides adjacent said chamber, and a worm-gear[itting within said chamber and having oppositely-disposed threadsengaging with the teeth on the jaws.

2. In a device of the character described, the combination with thehandle, ahead lixed at the forward end thereof, a wrench member mountedin said head and having a transverse guideway formed therein and achamber having open top and ends parallel to, and communicating withsaid guideway, and means for rotating the wrench member; ofoppositelydisposed jaws operatingin said guideway and having worm-teethformed on their sides adjacent said chamber, and a worm-gear littingremovably within said chamber and having op positel y-d isposed threadsengaging with the teeth on the jaws.

3. In a device ofthe character described, the combination with thehandle, a head lixed at the forward end thereof, a wrench member mountedin said head and having a transverse guideway formed therein and achamber having open top and ends parallel to, and communicating withsaid guideway, and means for rotating the wrench member; ofoppositelydisposed jaws operating in said guideway and having worm-teethformed on their sides adjacent said chamber, a worm-gear fitting re- 4movably within said chamber and having oppositely-disposed threadsengaging with the teeth on the jaws, and removable bearings for the gearmounted on the sides of the wrench member at the open ends of thechamber.

4. In a device of the character described, the combination with ahandle, a head fixed at the forward end thereof, a wrench member mountedin said head and having a transverse guideway formed therein, the wrenchmember being further provided with two opentopped chambers communicatingwith said guideway at their bottoms only, an opentopped intermediategroove narrower than said chambers and connecting the inner endsthereof, and two open-topped end grooves also narrower than the chambersand leading from the outer ends thereof through the sides 0f the wrenchmember, and means for rotating the wrench member; of oppositely-disposedjaws operating in said guideway and having worm-teeth formed on theirsides adjacent said chambers, a removable worm-gear havingoppositely-threaded portions lying in the chambers and engaging' withsaid teeth, a smooth reduced portion lying in the intermediate groove,and smooth reduced ends lying in the end grooves and projecting from thesides of the wrench member, and removable bearings for the last-namedreduced portions mounted on the sides of the wrench member at the endsof said grooves.

In testimony whereof I have aiixed my signature in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

IRVING lV. RUGG.

W itnesses:

RosooE S. GRIswoLD, J oHN D. Howes.

TOO

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